Second in the series on how to troubleshoot for your organization’s network.

Find a series of free "how-to" resources for developing your own computer refurbishment program

Keep your backups safe whether on-site or off with these helpful questions.

Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon today described appalling living conditions in slums as a violation of human rights, saying that helping the urban poor reclaim their rights strengthened societies and stemmed environmental degradation.

Visiting Gaza today, Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon expressed his solidarity with the people of the area, just over one year after the end of the deadly conflict.

The situation faced by those uprooted by violence in Darfur region cannot be sustained, a senior United Nations official said today, calling for a two-track transition to promote development in the war-wracked Sudanese region.

$53 Million Requested for FY 2011

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WASHINGTON (MARCH 19, 2010) – A number of leading environmental and climate groups issued the following statement today in reaction to a late Thursday meeting with Senator John Kerry on his bipartisan comprehensive climate and energy proposal:

WASHINGTON (March 17, 2010) –  As many energy experts are predicting that gas prices will rise nationally to more than $3 per gallon this spring, a new study shows the heavy toll these spikes would have on Americans’ wallets. The economic white paper, “Ranking States Oil Vulnerability: Assessing the Continued Threat of Gas Price Spikes,” examines the impact of a gas price spike similar to the summer of 2008 in states across the country.

NEW YORK (March 12, 2010) – New analysis released today at a symposium on “Climate, Mind and Behavior” reveals that Americans can reduce U.S. carbon pollution by 15 percent – or one billion tons of global warming pollution  – through collective personal actions that require little to no cost. The analysis released by NRDC and the Garrison Institute’s Climate Mind Behavior (CMB) Project is part of a larger collaboration that seeks to integrate emerging research findings about what drives human behavior into new thinking on climate solutions.

Authored by: Heather Esper

In early March, I attended the iBoP Asia conference FRONTIERS: Charting the Future of S&T Innovations for the Base of the Pyramid in Southeast Asia to talk about our latest work at the William Davidson Institute around impact assessment. Practitioners, academics, non-profits, and individuals from the private sector and development sector met in Jakarta, Indonesia on March 3^rd to share and discuss science and technology innovations for the BoP in Southeast Asia. The event was organized by Canada’s International Development Research Centre (IDRC-CRDI), the Ateneo School of Government under the Ateneo de Manila University, and the National Research Council-Indonesia (Dewan Riset Nasional). Be sure to check out an earlier post about the results of iBoP’s first small grants competition.

It was refreshing to hear from an array of interesting ventures regarding their innovative projects and researchers who shared their latest thinking during the day’s sessions.

The keynote speech was given by Al Hammond. Al he shared his thinking on scaling by using examples from his latest work on developing E-Health Points in rural northern India. The E-Health Points provide people in rural areas with access to quality health care similar to what they would find in urban areas including medicines, diagnostic tools, and tele-medicine along with access to clean drinking water. See Al’s earlier blog about his work on NextBillion to learn more.

 The plenary talks included:

• Romdoul Kim from InSTEDD who discussed technologies InSTEDD is using to increase information flow, cross-sector collaboration, and effective collective action. For example, InSTEDD and the Thomson Reuters Foundation’s emergency information service (EIS) was integral during the Haiti earthquake response. Using SMS messaging, EIS was able to link the injured to aid workers, direct Haitians to hospitals, and help search and rescue teams find people trapped in buildings. She also highlighted other work InSTEDD has done including sending educational lessons through the mobile phone, which teachers can then use for teaching when it is connected to a television. Finally, she shared their latest ideas on using geocharts in rural health systems to track diseases. The geochart is numerically based, so illiterate workers can use it and report cases of different diseases via SMS messaging to a central location.
• Aji Hermawan from the Institut Pertanian Bogor in Indonesia shared technologies including a fish meat and bone separator, which in addition to separating fish meat and bones from one another, washes the fish meat with cold water and then removes some of the water to end with a product called Surimi, which can be used to make a variety of products including crackers. 
• Dr. Armi Susandi of Institut Teknologi Bandung discussed climate change, emphasizing that an increase in the frequency and intensity of tropical cyclonic systems, sea level rises, flooding, and storm surges will have a profound effect on many BoP households in coastal areas of Southeast Asia. He also noted that many of these households don’t have disaster insurance but are interested in purchasing it.
• Bobby Agustiara Wattimena of PELANGI Indonesia discussed the latest energy challenges facing the BoP.

Breakouts included sessions on water, ICT and microfinance, energy and agriculture. Some highlights from the breakouts are below.

• Alexis Baudry from iBoP Asia shared his work on improving access to potable water and sanitation through collective action by using 1) standalone water treatment plants made from local materials with a technology developed by Ernesto Labuntog , and 2) the creation of a daily payment scheme for water instead of monthly payments (since it is often difficult for individuals to ration their money on a monthly basis due to immediate needs on a day to day basis) working with Streams of Knowledge and Maynilad.
• Susan Luna of the World Fish Center discussed Isda.mobi, which is a mobile phone interface for small-scale fishers to access fishery related information.
• Ricardo Bahague from the Computer Professional’s Union talked about basic SnT in a Box, which provides free and open source software in basic science and math for teaching.
• Dr. J.B. Manuel Biona of the Center for Research and Training at Don Bosco Technical College talked about using waste cooking oil to fuel jeepneys, which are a source of public transportation as well as income for low-income families in the Philippines.
• Ramon Fernan from Action for Economic Reforms discussed the use of coconut and copra for biofuels.
• Aladino Moraca of the Ecological and Agricultural Development Foundation, Inc talked about turning natural waste into organic fertilizer or safe and affordable fuel. The biogas systems installed can be used to generate fuel for cooking as well as liquid fertilizer. He  also discussed a bicycle-powered paper shredder that is used to make environmentally-friendly charcoal. The shredder serves as alternative source of income for the BoP and provides a cheap and affordable alternative to gas for cooking. Additionally, the shredder reduces the use of wood in charcoal production.

Other presenters included:

• Dr. Jessica Salas from Kahublagan Sang Panimalay Foundation, Inc. who discussed engaging farmer-researchers in a study of rainwater catchment systems
• Niti Bhan of the Emerging Futures Lab talked about payment strategies for those with irregular income at the BoP
• Felix Tonog from the Enterprise Development Unit of the Philippine Business for Social Progress discussed business development services for the enterprising BoP
• Wisnu Caroko from SETARA Foundation/NTFP Indonesia talked about developing mutual value creation through a value chain analysis of bio-ethanol and palm sugar production  from Aren and Nypah plants.
• Hazel Alfon of the Philippine Rice Research Institute discussed enabling factors and policies for the BoP to effectively participate in R&D
• Tuan Luu Minh of the Sub-Plant Protection Department of An Giang, Vietnam talked about farmer and rice quality
• Joanne Dulce from iBoP Asia discussed promoting science and technology to support climate change adaptation of BoP communities. 

The conference closed with the launching of iBoP Indonesia announced by Dr. Ir. Tusy A. Adibroto, DRN Secretary and Project Advisory Committee chair of iBoP Asia.

Authored by: Moses Lee

On April 17th, 2010, student social entrepreneurs from the Social Venture Creation class will be presenting their 'change-the-world' plans to a panel of judges composed of UofM faculty, industry experts, and potential funders.  The four social venture ideas address issues of food access in Detroit, healthcare in Lesotho, education in Kenya, and environmental issues in Ann Arbor.  

Brief descriptions of the projects:

• Fresh Food Detroit:  The Fresh Food Detroit team is exploring the distribution of low-margin fresh food through convenience stores, liquor stores, and gas stations in Detroit.  The hope is to improve health, create jobs, and spark development.  

• eHealth Exchange:  In January 2009, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared an acute shortage, and the uneven distribution of health workers within and between countries - a global health workforce crisis.  eHealth Exchange provides a software solution to global Ministry of Health eHealth mandates, targeting the health education crisis quotas for community-based health workers in Africa.

• IMAGINE Africa: The Imagine Project, currently administered from within the University of Michigan's College of Engineering, has successfully designed a system to bring high-speed, satellite-based internet connections to some of the most remote parts of the world.  Pilot deployments in rural Kenya have demonstrated that the unique combination of durable, off-the-shelf technology and local support are a viable model for bringing internet connections into rural African communities. 

• Community Car Sharing: Car sharing models like Zipcar have been successful in reducing the number of cars on the road and changing driving habits. However, this model still requires input of new cars to be successful.  A community car sharing program would utilize the unused capacity of existing vehicles, allowing car owners to rent their vehicles and earn income while providing non-car owners with access to a car at an affordable rate for a short period of time.  

This event is open to the public and well take place at the Ross School of Business (room R1210) from 10am to noon. Coffee and light refreshments will be provided. 

If you would like to learn more about the projects or help these teams out, please let me know!

Download the Flyer Here

Authored by: Francisco Noguera

Editor's Note: Daniel Gonzalez is an advisor to NextBillion and a key leader in Latin America's emerging social enterprise industry. In this interview, he shares some of the projects he and AVINA are currently working on. Stay tuned for more interviews in this Latin America special, a wrap-up of the Miami conference and coverage from next week's ANDE Conference in Nicaragua.

NextBillion.net: Please tell us a bit about AVINA and the partners you work with

Daniel González: AVINA is a private foundation created in 1994 by Swiss entrepreneur Stephan Schmidheiny to contribute towards a prosperous, integrated, compassionate and democratic Latin America that is inspired by its own diversity and built on a form of citizenship that positions it globally according to its own model of sustainable and inclusive development. In 2008, AVINA disbursed over US$17 million in social investments throughout Latin America, bringing the total disbursement to over US$317 million since 2003.

AVINA acts as an adviser, co-investor and facilitator on the ground - employing its resources, local presence and relationships with thousands of allies to develop and roll out strategies for change. AVINA develops its national strategies in 12 countries and regional strategies for the Amazon, Recycling, Sustainable Cities, Inclusive Markets, and Water. Some of AVINA's current international allies include the Interamerican Development Bank, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, the Skoll Foundation, the Global Philanthropy Forum, and the Tällberg Foundation, among others.  

Regarding Inclusive Markets, AVINA is part of a broad collaboration and learning network with organizations like FUNDES, WRI, Ashoka, SEKN and the UNDP/Growing Inclusive Markets, among dozens of close national or local partners and as part of a movement of hundreds of organizations in Latin America. In 2009, AVINA invested USD $2,9 MM in its Inclusive Markets strategy in 20 initiatives in 7 countries and 8 regional investments.

NextBillion.net: What sets Latin America apart in the social enterprise space? What makes this market unique?

Daniel González: In terms of need, Latin America is the region of the world with most economic inequality based on income. 46% of its 586 million inhabitants live in poverty (CEPAL, 2007). Poverty should be understood in a more comprehensive way than just income, but these figures are helpful to understand the scale of the solution that is needed.

Now, in terms of opportunity, SMEs are responsible for 25%-40% of employment as well as 15%-25% of the total production of goods and services in Latin America (CEPAL, 2007). Some publications conclude that if micro, small and medium enterprises are considered, they represent 99% of all businesses and 70% of employment in the region. The Johns Hopkins Comparative Nonprofit Sector Project estimates that 53% of revenues in civil society organizations in the world come from fees, and this situation is more present in Latin American countries where social entrepreneurship is thriving. The potential of the Latin American market and the current role of communities at the base of the pyramid, social enterprises, and micro, small and medium sized enterprises in the economy suggest a large enough potential and scale to impact tens of millions of people currently in poverty.

Social and technological innovations in social entrepreneurship, 'new' or knowledge-based economics, connectivity among others are also emerging from Latin America. Because the region has a wealth of natural and social resources, low population density, basic infrastructure, rule-of-law, and strong institutions that are developing inclusive businesses and markets, Latin America is a unique place to demonstrate that it is possible to generate wealth in a equitable, accelerated, innovative and sustainable way. The value chains that will be more competitive in the 21^st Century will leverage technology and provide solutions to climate change, migrations, poverty, population growth, generation changes and other barriers to sustainable economic development in the world. Some of these value chains have to do with ecosystem services, remittances, tourism, services, sustainable energy, food production and other promising sectors where Latin America has potential or advantage.

Another way to get a glimpse of the potential is observing the projects already being developed by many companies.  Basic services and needs represent a billion dollar opportunity in Latin American markets, according to The Next Four Billion (2007).

NextBillion.net: Please describe one or two examples of social enterprises in your country and the impact they are having against poverty and/or environmental degradation. Preferably, they would be supported by / linked to yours.

Daniel González: Business development or scaling-up social enterprises is only one of three objectives in AVINA's Inclusive Markets strategy. Between 2007 and 2009, AVINA has strengthened over 100 inclusive businesses in Latin America. To generate a demonstrative effect that can influence decision makers, AVINA provides "tailor-made" services to 4 high-potential businesses and will reach 10 of these in the next three years. Two of those four businesses are Guayaki and Inversor.

Guayakí produces organic, shade grown and fair trade yerba mate - a powerful rainforest tree - in the Atlantic Rainforest of Eastern Paraguay, Southern Brazil and Nothern Argentina, with small farmers and indigenous communities. The company's mission is to restore 60,000 hectares by the year 2020 with a profitable business model. They are working presently with 6,000 hectares and have become the largest providers of organic yerba mate to the US market in the last 10 years, providing inclusive employment and income to 250 Latin American families. Guayaki has received numerous awards and certifications for its environmental and social impact. Its income has grown at a rate of 35% and its sales for 2009 are at an estimated US$10 million dollars.

Inversor is a Venture Capital Fund focused on developing the Impact Investing market in Colombia. It looks for financial returns while creating social impact investing in Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs) in Colombia. Inversor invests in sectors like basic services, infrastructure, supply chains employing low-income producers, inclusive businesses and clean energy, among others. The Fund expects to raise up to USD $20 million and make investments in the range of $125K - $1M. The fund's preferred return will be a 9% annual rate over capital disbursed by investors.

Corporación Inversor, the General Partner (or fund manager), was created after analyzing lessons learned in a previous micro-capital fund. During the first five years of this pilot, the fund generated 515 new direct and indirect jobs with expected gross IRR of 7.3%. Moreover, 19% of the total capital invested (USD $115 K) are returns and paid loans re-invested.

Based on the success of that pilot, leading national and international firms partnered to found and  strengthen Corporación Inversor. The first step to scale up the project was to incorporate it within the formal financial system and regulatory measures regarding venture capital funds in Colombia. Inversor has raised around US $2 million dollars and will begin its investments later in 2010.

AVINA is interested in collaborating with other organizations that operate successful business models that can be scaled-up in the next 2-3 years and that have the potential to change the status-quo of the value-chain they operate in because of their triple bottom line results.

NextBillion.net: Looking forward, what do you see as the biggest challenge for social enterprise to take off in the region?

Daniel González: Two of AVINA's objectives to develop inclusive markets respond to some of the biggest challenges: a shift in paradigm and business development.

In terms of paradigm shift, we realize that no individual person or institution has the solution or 'the right' perspective to build successful companies in the 21^st Century. Moreover, individuals and institutions from diverse backgrounds and interests need to build new symbols and meanings for the role of business in society. This will only be achieved with examples of what this means, rather than speeches and papers. In order to reduce cultural, ideological, educational and other social barriers to inclusive businesses, it is critical to influence the way in which the industry and markets behave through communication and mobilization strategies. Based on hard evidence and proven business models, some of these strategies can include institutionalizing inclusive business in business school curricula, mobilize thousands of practitioners through the Internet, influence millions through mass media outlets, and mobilize key decision makers in workshops, meetings and events. 

In terms of business development, the participation of more and more companies is needed to develop and change markets, even though important international and national institutions have already identified and systematized hundreds of inclusive businesses. Evidence is the main tool to mobilize decision makers, financial resources and influence public policy, so high-potential businesses need to be accelerated to generate a demonstrative effect and other promising business models need to become visible to reach critical mass. In addition, many organizations struggle with the process of identifying, evaluating and supporting businesses. If leading organizations agree on standards to present and share knowledge about each company, inclusive businesses will have a better chance of success.

NextBillion.net: Are there any exciting new projects that you're working on and can tell our readers about?

Daniel González: Society and life, complex and dynamic as they are, find their own way to evolve from emerging forces and patterns. AVINA's Inclusive Markets strategy considers macro conditions, emerging solutions, the voices of every stakeholder it's linked to, and its own capabilities to design  its strategy and role in a collaborative process with internal and external actors. We need your help to do so! Since managing complexity is a challenge, we invite other institutions to helps us design and implement one of the three objectives of our inclusive markets strategy.

In fact, no single organization can develop an opportunity for systemic change in Latin America. Even if a single organization could strengthen thousands of single businesses, macro, policy and other efforts to improve the business environment are also necessary. Further collaboration, coordination and partnerships are needed to improve the business environment in areas like:

• Design strategies for sector innovation and development (like impact investing, housing, recycling, water, energy to name a few).
• Mobilize hundreds of millions of dollars to inclusive businesses or impact investing funds, that help micro, small and medium enterprises grow
• Formalize partnerships to promote and develop inclusive businesses and markets at a national and regional level, focusing on collaboration on the ground and going beyond knowledge exchange and building social capital
• Influence national or municipal public policies

With many of our regional and national partners and contacts we are carrying out conversations to further our role in inclusive market development. We hope to hear from the NextBillion community.

Iranians marked, Charshanbeh Soori, a holiday that leads up to the Persian new year under the watchful eyes of riot police Tuesday night, after Ayatollah Ali Khamenei the Islamic Republic's leader discouraged celebrations.

Knight has awarded a two-year, $800,000 grant to Aspen for efforts to advance the recommendations of the commission, which inspired the federal government's recently released National Broadband Plan....

The grant from the New York City-based Robertson Foundation will enable the center to focus on advancing Duke's cell therapy research and treatment programs for children and adults with cancer, cerebral palsy, stroke, and brain injuries suffered at birth.

Date: 22 Mar 2010
Source: IFRC

Date: 22 Mar 2010
Source: Integrated Regional Information Networks

Date: 22 Mar 2010
Source: Australian Broadcasting Corporation